Simplify serial port redirect (#13234)

Marlin/src/HAL/HAL_DUE/usb/sd_mmc_spi_mem.cpp

Marlin/src/core/serial.cpp

Marlin/src/core/serial.h

Marlin/src/core/utility.h

Marlin/src/feature/bedlevel/ubl/ubl.cpp

Marlin/src/feature/bedlevel/ubl/ubl.h

Marlin/src/gcode/config/M217.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/config/M92.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/eeprom/M500-M504.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/gcode.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/host/M115.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/parser.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/queue.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/sdcard/M20-M30_M32-M34_M524_M928.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/stats/M31.cpp

Marlin/src/gcode/temperature/M105.cpp

Marlin/src/module/configuration_store.cpp

Marlin/src/module/configuration_store.h

Marlin/src/module/temperature.cpp

Marlin/src/module/temperature.h